1. Optimization based on energy conversion mechanism
The structural design optimization of New Energy Prototype Parts starts with its energy conversion mechanism. For example, in solar photovoltaic prototypes, in order to maximize the photoelectric conversion efficiency, its structural design is closely centered on the photon absorption and electron transfer process. At the microscopic level, the PN junction structure design of the battery is the key. By precisely controlling the doping concentration, thickness and other parameters of P-type and N-type semiconductors, the built-in electric field is optimized so that the electron-hole pairs generated by photon excitation can be efficiently separated and directed to move, reducing the recombination loss. At the macroscopic level, the surface structure of the battery is also carefully designed, such as using micro-nanostructured surface textures to increase the range of incident angles of light, improve the absorption rate of light, and reduce reflection.
2. Structural adaptation considering material properties
Material properties have a fundamental impact on the structural design of New Energy Prototype Parts. Taking lithium-ion battery prototypes as an example, the positive and negative electrode materials will undergo volume changes during the charging and discharging process. This should be taken into account when designing the structure, and a suitable electrode structure should be selected, such as a layered structure or a porous structure electrode. The layered structure can buffer the volume change of the material at different levels, and the porous structure provides space for the expansion and contraction of the material, and is also conducive to the rapid diffusion of lithium ions. For the battery diaphragm material, its structure must ensure good ion conductivity and mechanical stability to prevent short circuits between the positive and negative electrodes, so a polymer film structure with a specific pore size distribution and thickness is often used.
3. Optimization for performance integration
In order to improve the overall performance of New Energy Prototype Parts, structural design often involves the integration optimization of multiple components. In the fuel cell prototype, when the components such as electrodes, electrolyte membranes, and catalyst layers are integrated together, the structural design needs to ensure that the gas can diffuse efficiently to the catalyst layer, and the ions can be quickly conducted in the electrolyte membrane. For example, a sandwich structure of gas diffusion layer-catalyst layer-electrolyte membrane-catalyst layer-gas diffusion layer is adopted, and a reasonable pore structure is designed in the gas diffusion layer, which is conducive to gas transmission and provides good support for the catalyst, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell.
4. Adjustment to adapt to different application scenarios
The structural design of New Energy Prototype Parts also needs to be optimized and adjusted according to different application scenarios. In battery prototypes for electric vehicles, due to limited space in the car and high requirements for energy density and power density, the battery structure adopts a compact modular design. Multiple battery cells form modules, which in turn form battery packs, and cooling channels are reserved in the structure of modules and battery packs to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the battery during high-power charging and discharging. For battery prototypes in large-scale energy storage power stations, more attention is paid to safety and stability during large-scale integration. The structural design will consider aspects such as the layout of the battery array and fire and explosion prevention measures.
